How to Use Extra Credit Effectively

How to Use Extra Credit Effectively The use of extra credit can be an effective teaching and learning tool in any content area classroom, but only if the extra credit is used in the correct manner. Generally, extra credit is offered to those students who want to bring up a GPA. Poor performance on a heavily weighted test or a paper or a project may have dropped a students overall grade. The opportunity for extra credit may be a motivational tool or a way to correct a misjudgment or miscommunication.  However,  if used incorrectly or inequitably, extra credit can also be a point of contention and a headache for the teacher.  Therefore, a teacher should take time to look at an offer for extra credit critically and consider the implications it may have for grading and assessment.   Pros of Using Extra Credit An extra credit assignment may provide students with an incentive to go above and beyond the class material. If it is used to enhance lessons, the offer for extra credit can help deepen the learning for students. It can also help struggling students by providing them with additional learning opportunities while allowing them a means to increase their grade. The extra credit may mirror the original assignment, be an alternative test, paper or project. There may be a section of an assessment that can be taken again or the student may suggest an alternative assignment.   Extra credit may also be in the form of revision. The process of revision, especially in writing assignments, can be used as a way to teach students to reflect on their progress and abilities in writing and take steps to strengthen it. Revision may serve to establish conferences to receive highly beneficial one-on-one attention. Rather than design new extra credit opportunities, a teacher should consider how he or she can reinforce the skills to improve student performance on a previously graded assignment.   Another method for extra credit is to give students a bonus question(s) on a quiz or test. There may be an option to answer an additional essay question or solve an additional word problem.   If extra credit is allowed, teachers may adopt the kinds of the assignments that are voluntary extra credit must still be assessed just as rigorously as the assessments for regular coursework. Perhaps there are extra credit opportunities that allow students to try extended activities such as inquiry projects based on  questions, problems, or scenarios. Students may choose to volunteer in the school community or in the community at large. By allowing the student the opportunity to choose how they will earn extra credit points could be a way to give them control over their academic achievement. After checking school policy, if you wish to offer extra credit in your class, you will need to make sure of the following: Do connect your extra credit to other lessons in class or to classroom pertinent current events.Do provide the same extra credit opportunities to all students.Do consider your grading time when assigning extra credit.Do make extra credit assignments interesting and pertinent for students.Do tell your students when you assign extra credit how much it will be worth and how you will grade it.Do make sure that you are not outweighing your required assignments with points for extra credit.Do set a clear deadline for when extra credit is due. Cons of Using Extra Credit On the other hand, too many opportunities for extra credit in a course could result in an  imbalance in grading. Extra credit assignments could outweigh the required assignments, and the result could mean that a student would pass a course without meeting all the standards.  Extra credit that is graded for a â€Å"completion† grade can skew an overall grade. In the same vein, some educators believe that extra credit reduces the importance of curriculum assessments by providing students with a way to circumvent the curriculum. These students could avoid  requirements by still have the ability to increase their grade. Moreover, an extra credit assignment could boost a GPA, but obscure a students actual academic ability. There are also some schools that have a no extra credit rule in their policy handbook. There are some districts that want to eliminate the extra work a teacher has to do after assigning extra credit. Some general rules to consider are: Do not create extra credit assignments that are unconnected to your curriculum or standards.Do not grade each students extra credit using different standards.Do not create so much extra credit that students are able to pass without completing the required work.Do not make spur of the moment extra credit opportunities that are not equally available to all students.Do not allow busy work like copying from a book to be extra creditDo not allow students to turn in late extra credit as this is just an accounting nightmare.Do not create extra credit assignments that the educational value is not equivalent to the student or teacher effort involved.

Free Essays on The Growth Of Jane Eyre

Jane does grow in the book Jane Eyre. The theme of the book is Jane’s continual quest for love. Jane searches for acceptance through the five settings where she lives: Gateshead, Lowood, Thornfield, Moor House and Ferndean. Through these the maturation and self-recognition of Jane becomes traceable. It is not until she runs from Rochester and Thornfield that she realizes what she really wants. Jane is able to return to Rochester finally independent, with a desire to love, as well as be loved. In the beginning Jane seems a strong character who is very rebellious; In the Victorian times it was considered â€Å"deceitful† for a child too speak out. Jane wishes to overcome this. And she does when she says, â€Å"I must keep in good health, and not die.† (28). At Gateshead it became obvious Jane is self-willed and has a temper. An example of this is when Jane stands up to her aunt saying, â€Å"You think I have know feelings, and that I can do without one bit of love or kindness, but I cannot live so: and you have no pity.† (33). Here Jane makes her first declaration of independence. She will no longer be considered a secondary member of the Reed household. Jane wants more than anything at this time to be loved and she feels she will not have it because of al the things Mrs. Reed told Mr. Brocklehurst, and she displays her temper again, â€Å"I am not deceitful: if I were, I should say I loved you but I declare I do not love you . . .† (32). This fi ght led to Jane saying she will never call her â€Å"Aunt Reed† again. Which will show growth is Jane later. This is why Jane is rebellious. Jane learns she should not care so much what other people think of her. At Lowood Jane is repulsed by Mr. Brocklehurst and his â€Å"two-faced† character. Even so, Jane fines her first true friend. Helen Burns, another student at the school. By instruction, Helen is able to prove her messages. When Jane is punished in front of the whole school, she tries ... Free Essays on The Growth Of Jane Eyre Free Essays on The Growth Of Jane Eyre Jane does grow in the book Jane Eyre. The theme of the book is Jane’s continual quest for love. Jane searches for acceptance through the five settings where she lives: Gateshead, Lowood, Thornfield, Moor House and Ferndean. Through these the maturation and self-recognition of Jane becomes traceable. It is not until she runs from Rochester and Thornfield that she realizes what she really wants. Jane is able to return to Rochester finally independent, with a desire to love, as well as be loved. In the beginning Jane seems a strong character who is very rebellious; In the Victorian times it was considered â€Å"deceitful† for a child too speak out. Jane wishes to overcome this. And she does when she says, â€Å"I must keep in good health, and not die.† (28). At Gateshead it became obvious Jane is self-willed and has a temper. An example of this is when Jane stands up to her aunt saying, â€Å"You think I have know feelings, and that I can do without one bit of love or kindness, but I cannot live so: and you have no pity.† (33). Here Jane makes her first declaration of independence. She will no longer be considered a secondary member of the Reed household. Jane wants more than anything at this time to be loved and she feels she will not have it because of al the things Mrs. Reed told Mr. Brocklehurst, and she displays her temper again, â€Å"I am not deceitful: if I were, I should say I loved you but I declare I do not love you . . .† (32). This fi ght led to Jane saying she will never call her â€Å"Aunt Reed† again. Which will show growth is Jane later. This is why Jane is rebellious. Jane learns she should not care so much what other people think of her. At Lowood Jane is repulsed by Mr. Brocklehurst and his â€Å"two-faced† character. Even so, Jane fines her first true friend. Helen Burns, another student at the school. By instruction, Helen is able to prove her messages. When Jane is punished in front of the whole school, she tries ...

Summary and response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Summary and response - Essay Example This will result in a learner who is well-versed in the many different aspects of learning. It must be understood that job skills are not sufficient. As such, they are not likely to prepare a learner to work effectively and efficiently. In Becoming a Learner, Matthew Sanders (2012, p. 8) states that â€Å"college is a time of preparation,† Meaning that it should be used only as a springboard for further success. In order to make improvements in this area, there is a need to optimize learning while in college. Therefore, it is evident that the learned skills in college will not enhance professionalism while working, meaning that learners have to go to greater lengths in gaining greater knowledge and skills. Author Matthew Sanders works at Utah State University, where he helps students get the most of out of their college experience in addition to being an assistant professor of communication studies (Sanders, 2012). Sanders seems to use his own experience of college, combined with what he now knows, to offer an informed opinion as to exactly what the college student should pursue while on campus. He is looking to reach people who are already in college or are about to graduate from high school and will be going to college. The purpose of Sanders’s book is to persuade the reader that they need to get their priorities right in college because otherwise it will be of little use to them. As this work was self-published, Sanders is able to give more of a personal feel to the text, which helps his message resonate with students. It must be noted that problems will always exist in the work place. These problems will vary in complexity and simplicity. As a matter of fact, many organizations need to solve such problems in the shortest amount of time possible. According to Sanders (2012), solving such problems requires both a skillful and knowledgeable person. In most instances, problem

Autobiographical Writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Autobiographical Writing - Essay Example They do most of the housework and men rarely do any housework, but some of the men cook for their family. At a very young age adults told me that, â€Å"girls should be quiet and well-behaved†, â€Å"boys should be strong and they should not cry†, â€Å"girls should talk softly and behave gently†, â€Å"boys should protect girls and they should support of their family when they grow up†, â€Å"girls should keep their space clean and tidy†, â€Å"boys should take responsibilities of all things† and so on. Usually, in one relationship, men and women make decisions together if they are respect each other. Sometimes they make their own decisions without consulting their partner if the issue is not very big. However, in severe situation, men always have the decision-making authority in their family. For example, when I decided to study abroad, I knew my mother would support me, but the final decision was in the hands of my father. I believe that in a relationship my girlfriend should listen to me when we have to make a choice or decide an important i ssue. However, things were not practiced the same way in the past. At the time, when my grandparents were young, wives had to be obedient to their husbands. People thought men were superior to women. Families prefer sons to daughters, and they thought if a woman could not give birth to a boy, it was all her fault. When I was very young, I asked my parents how I was born but they never responded to this query. Chinese people are more conservative than Americans and Europeans. Some people think it is disrespectful and wrong to talk about sex and women’s bodies. So I think feminist movement is very necessary and important throughout human history and it should be continued now and in the future. As the reading â€Å"The Body Through Women’s Eyes† by Joanna Frueh says, feminist artists can â€Å"show that women could become makers of meaning, as opposed to being bearers of man’s meaning† (Broude 190). It also

Opium War Essay Example for Free

Opium War Essay Introduction What is machine translation? Simply put, machine translation is the application of computer text from one natural language into another natural language text translation. The translation climax in the history of China again and again set off, the translation of Buddhist scriptures in the Eastern Han to the Tang and Song dynasties, the Ming and Qing technology translation and the Opium War to the May Fourth Movement to promote the progress of history. Today, the advent of the global information age is the translation climax conditions, requirements, involved in the field of computer science, mathematics, linguistics. However, the science of translation career how? Effects? How we will develop and make progress? In this paper, a review of the development of machine translation, disadvantages, role and prospects of superficial discussion, to answer these questions. i. A history of the development of machine translation The 17th century French philosopher, mathematician Descartes and the German mathematician Leibniz put forward the idea of using the machine dictionary overcome language barriers. In 1946, the worlds first electronic computer was born, after 50 years of development, through the tortuous road success, there are setbacks, presented numerous challenges for researchers. Machine translation potential social and economic benefits, some Western countries as well as Japan and other countries have spent a lot of R D, machine translation into the boom by its start-up period of the trough, the recovery period and make showing unprecedented prosperous and developed. The following is a brief overview of the various periods of its development. That is start-up period (1947 to 1954), Trough period (1954 to 1975), Recovery period (1975 to 1989),Prosperous Period. ii. The problem of machine translation The machine translation prosperity does not mean it does not have any problems. According to statistics, machine translation with human translation, translation accuracy and readability is less than 70%, many ways, there are a large number of problems, yet computer, language experts and machine translation users to jointly overcome. Opened the translation history at a glance the criterion the eyes of the beholder, the wise see wisdom. Three Kingdoms period follow essentially, Gavin ornaments East Jindao An best of Record, not so prejudicial statements were made tour word Tang Xuan Zang, neither shall seek the truth, and shall Yu vulgar to modern Yan Fu, letter the relentless pursuit of Dayak Chinese letter, Fu Lei quite similar , environment of Qian Zhongshu Gu Zhengkun best approximation . Tytlers three principles abroad, the famous translator Nidas dynamic equivalence the the fee Road Rove equivalents, otherwise Gorlee, alleged meaning on qualitative quantity. But are all demanding translation standards. The machine is translated as a translation, of course, should pay attention to the quality of the translation. The translation quality of machine translation can understand and loyalty, it is difficult to achieve the ideal standard. These examples to illustrate (1) The erroneous translation of part of speech and meaning. These problems with the machine error on the part of speech, meaning Discrimination are inseparable. Once the parts of speech in this connection vocabulary to syntax bridge is the wrong resolution, the translation will be wrong. Therefore, it is the wrong resolution mistranslation phenomenon should arouse the attention of machine translation researchers. (2)Adverbial wrong translation Of mistranslation. Such as the num ber and type of vehi2cles be misinterpreted as such a number of types of vehicles. Comparative sentence mistranslation. The earlier a smog alert can be issued, the greater its effectiveness is as it al2low s were wrongly translated: constitutes more time this smoke alarm can be as early as issued, the greater its efficiency as it does allow and the correct translation should be: the sooner the alarm, the greater the role, because it will make the Sketch word mistranslated. Small words, such as articles, conjunctions, English is not fluent in English. Chinese On the contrary, they become redundant, this machine translation can not be a good conversion. On these issues, there have been a lot of research, but always simple description, do not be traced. I believe that the key to these problems is not a simple computer program driving hard to the issue of slavery, but the context of the language itself is not a thorough analysis, we should ponder the question is how to make the machine with minimum knowledge. How to make the long-term accumulated cultural knowledge to penetrate into the machine translation. When they make the machine and from the search context, and in a certain culture play a role in its translation, what will? Mentioned Context, we can get some inspiration from the M alinow ski and Firth, Firth linguists task should be to study the text language phenomenon and its context combination, machine translation is the translation of a natural language another natural language should be set analysis, Discrimination select processing as an integrated process, asked to do , Shindaya. Gave us think of fruitRevelation, the word of the keys on the piano, alone has no effect. Keep context together makes sense. Another factor is the cultural context. Firth social scene decided to play social role social role is limited. Therefore, the social scene is also limited. Event enables the machine translation These limited role in society, the social scene analysis processing, translation will be able to improve the understandability credibility and While this robot suspected, but this is the trend. Since the machine translation represents the high-tech should be a breakthrough in the current information age. ii. The role of machine translation Machine translation through a saddle-type process, PaulDeposit and flourish, today turned into a tool, the reasonIt is its role in promoting. (1)Promote social progress Human leave no stone unturned to develop and complete a machine. Is translation systems, has developed a translation software, promoted by Economic development, social progress, eliminating the language in the world among people Introduction obstacles, communicate with the entire world. (2) Improve translation efficiency With the machine translation research has improved continuously, the field of translation achieved unprecedented success. In our translation work, We can make use of a variety of translation systems or software to complete the translation task, Samples can improve the speed and accuracy of the translation, translation efficiency. (3) Promote the development of other areas Machine translation to get involved in mathematics, computer science, linguistics, translation Science and other multi-discipline areas need strong development of these disciplines, substantial based on the outcome, so as to promote the development of these areas. Fourth, the outlook on the prospects for machine translation. The birth of the machine translation system, especially to people translation, who brought hope. Although machine translation the understandability and loyalty also not ideal, but if the mathematics, computer science, translation studies and language science and other researchers in the field of work together, will make the machine translation out more beautiful flowers, bear more fruit. Conclusion In the above mentioned, if the context of the language environment and cultural context for consideration in the process of programming, will be able to make the translation discourse stronger language three functions, namely the concept of function, people interpersonal function and textual function was more prominent. It is also the author most would like to suggest, hope, serve role. It should be believed that through the tireless efforts of many researchers make machine translation. Having been properly developed, thus will be able to promote vigorous translation cause development.

Prejudice in To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee Essay -- To Kill a Mo

Prejudice is the preconceived opinion of a person or thing. There are three main types of prejudice: racial prejudice, social prejudice and religious prejudice. These three are the types of prejudice most dominant in ‘To Kill A Mockingbird’. The setting for the novel is a fictitious town called Maycomb. This town is situated in Alabama, south USA. The racial prejudice shown in the novel has a lot to do with the town being situated in the southern United States. This is because there was a lot of racism in the southern United States in the 1930’s. This racism mainly originated from the civil war, which lasted from 1875 to 1883. The northern, more progressive states declared slavery illegal, but slavery was a vital part of the southern economy as the labour was cheap for the cotton plantation owners. Although the northern states made it illegal to have slaves the south still kept slaves illegally. This was the main cause of the civil war. The northern states won the war and the United States was formed. Even though they lost the war, the south passed their own ‘Jim Crow Laws’ in the 1900’s making racial segregation legal. The backwardness and narrow-mindedness of the community fuelled racism in Maycomb. These negative qualities account for the social and religious prejudices in the novel. The community’s narrow-mindedness is formed because the population has been unchanged for many decades with the same families occupying the town. This causes prejudice towards anything that is different from the norm. Maycomb is very backward and isolated due to the town being far from the river, which was the main form of transport in the early days. This confines the town’s development and leads to the social conditioning of the people this in turn helps to explain why there is social and religious prejudice. Maycomb people have very inward looking views and so these views are passed on from generation to generation. Maycomb town is described well in chapter 1 as it tells us why the people are so insular and inward looking. â€Å"Maycomb was an old town, but it was a tired old town.† This statement puts a negative light on Maycomb and its people. The personification of the word tired emphasises the lack of enthusiasm, about everything, the people of Maycomb have. It also suggests an unwillingness and lack of desire to change this fact. ‘Tired’... ...ters in the novel such as Boo Radley, Dolphus Raymond and to a lesser extent Miss Maudie. These people are often excluded by the society. This social prejudice leads to the exclusion of families such as the Ewells and the Cunninghams because they don’t conform to Maycomb’s belief of normality. They are treated like outsiders with suspicion and are stereotyped. The religious prejudice in Maycomb leads to the persecution of Miss Maudie Atkinson by the foot washing Baptists. Racial prejudice in Maycomb is constantly displayed by the white community toward the black community. The most glaring example of racism in the novel is when Tom Robinson is convicted of raping Mayella Ewell just because he dared to feel sorry for her. The result of this racial prejudice leads the people of Maycomb to be very hypocritical and have double standards. They say they have sympathy for other races in other countries but then they treat the ethnic minority in their town with great disrespect. The prejudice of the town is produced from fear, historical context and their social conditioning. They are afraid because of ignorance and not being able to understand new and different things.

Communication Theories Paper Essay

Communication theories are important to learn and understand. Learning these theories helps us apply the theory to our own life. It helps our critical thinking skills as well as benefits one to understand the value of research that has been accomplished in this field. Understanding communication theories can help us make sense of our daily life experiences. There are three Communication theories that I have studied that have touched on my personal and professional life. These theories are Communication Privacy Management, Social Penetration Theory, and Organizational Culture Theory. One theory that reinforces the importance of communication is the privacy management theory. This theory has applied to my personal and professional life in many ways. There are three examples on how this has affected my daily life. It has affected me in my social networking, at my job, and when using my personal mobile device. In the communication and privacy management theory it explains that disclosure in relationships requires managing private and public boundaries (West, R. , & Turner, L. H. 2010). This theory tells us that people use this to manage the relationship between screening and revealing their private information (West, R. , & Turner, L. H. 2010). This theory has had an impact with my social networking. I use the popular networking cite called Facebook. On Facebook I have to be really careful on what information I reveal on my profile. I don’t want just anyone knowing something that could hurt me. On Facebook I have learned that if you are not careful with the pictures or information you reveal about yourself it could hurt your job, your reputation, as well as relationships. I have eliminated this from happening to me by using the privacy management theory. I have chosen to set up certain privacy settings on what people can and cannot see on my profile. Protecting myself makes me feel more secure of what others can see or know about me. I am a pretty private person so there is not much to my Facebook. Having public and private boundaries makes me enjoy using this social networking site. I have used this theory by only accepting close friends that I know very well on my Facebook. I also chose who can see my pictures and who can’t. There are many different privacy settings that protect ones confidentiality. The second example of how this theory applies to my life is at my job. I work in a medical office. We have to be real careful of what information we give out about our patients. We have HIPPA that protects our patient’s private information. One of my main duties at my job is answering the phones. Each phone call I take I have to be extra careful of what information I reveal to the caller. If I was to give out information to someone that should not be receiving the information, I could get terminated or worse even go to jail. It is crucial for me to follow this theory in my profession. In my profession I am also careful about what I tell my coworkers about my personal life. As a professional it is not always good to tell your personal information to coworkers. You never know if they could use any of your private information against you. This is why I modify the information I give out to my coworkers. The third example of how I use this theory in my daily life is when I use my personal mobile device. I use my cell phone every day. This theory applies to me when using my cell phone in many ways. Text messaging is something that my family and friends do throughout the day. This is a fast and convenient way to communicate with one another. In text messaging one has to be careful of what they reveal to another because it can be used against them. Once you text someone something it is always there. They can save it and share it with others. It may be something that you do not want anyone else to see. I have to think about that before I send a text to the other person. Out of all three of my examples using this theory in my daily life, I would say that my communication was effective in my first example in using Facebook. My private information is secure now because of the privacy setting offered to me on the site. This is effective for me because it protects me against anything that can be used against me in my profession or even relationships. Taking that step helps me feel comfortable to have control over what others can or cannot see. Taking these steps has made me feel more secure on the information and communication I have with others. This effective communication that I do reveal shows to my friends what type of information I want to be revealed to them. In my second example I talk about giving out too much information to your coworkers. I have learned from the past of what is appropriate to discuss with others at work. If I can continue to strive to do this, than my communication will be more effective. In the future I might communicate differently in using my mobile device. I have had friends get in lots of trouble by saying too much through text messaging. Someone ended up using things the other person said through text against them. In knowing this, I have learned to communicate differently when I use my text messaging. I screen what I say so that I don’t send something to someone else that I will regret. The Social Penetration Theory explains why as relationships develop, communication moves from less intimate levels to more intimate, more personal levelsI can apply this theory to my professional as well as personal life. Three examples that I can give how this has been practical in my daily life are through my relationships, work, and my primary care giver. In a particular relationship I was in, we started off as good friends. I did not reveal my most private personal information to him in the beginning. I waited until time went on. When we were in a committed relationship, I eventually little by little shared with him more information about myself. This theory allows one to be more honest with one another. In some cases it helps one be more careful in the relationship because you learn what the others sensitivities are. In my workplace overtime I have been aware of who to share certain information with and who I should not. At work I try to speak of only work and stay very professional. There is one particular coworker that I know I can trust. I do share a little bit more with this person. This is someone that I have learned overtime I can confide in. Lastly my primary doctor is someone that at first I felt awkward talking to or asking questions to. Overtime we have formed a personal relationship. I am now comfortable with talking to her about my health. I also don’t feel strange asking her questions that can sometimes be uncomfortable around just anyone. In my first example I feel the communication was effective overtime by building on a strong, trusting relationship. It made me more comfortable to share more about myself with him. In my second example I could be more effective by even with my close coworker to try and not talk too much about work if we go out to lunch. On my last example I could communicate differently with my provider by writing down my questions that I have for her. This would also help if I felt like I was going to forget something that I needed to ask her. There are always ways we can improve on this theory. These are just some examples on how I use this theory in my daily life. Organizational Culture Theory explains meanings for routine organizational events, thereby reducing the amount of cognitive processing and energy members need to expend throughout the day (West, R. , & Turner, L. H. 2010). There are three examples I can think of that can apply to my personal as well as professional life with this theory. They are through my work, through my church, and though school. An example of not having this was my last supervisor. She hardly was ever in the office. We never had monthly meetings like we do now with our current supervisor. We never expanded like she wanted because of lack of this theory. We now have monthly meetings with our new supervisor as well as have rules and regulations we have to follow. We have a certain dress code we have to abide by each day. We also come together on certain holidays and have a tradition where everyone one brings their favorite food dish. Having all of these routine organizational events has helped us expand as a more successful organization. My second example of how this theory has applied to my personal and professional life is through my church. We have certain customs and symbols that we use at church that we use on each Sunday. We have a routine service. For example when we first arrive, we start singing then have announcements, followed by the sermon. At the end we all sing again, and pray. This is something that our congregation is used to each Sunday. We also, have a certain time our service starts and ends each Sunday. The third way this theory applies in my life is through school. At University of Phoenix we have certain rules and regulations we have to follow. For example, we have attendance policies we have to abide by. We also have certain dates that our assignments are due. If we do not follow this, there will be consequences. If we didn’t have organizational structure, we as students would not know what to do in order to be a successful student. There are certain questions I can ask myself to take a look deeper in my examples of this theory. Through my example of school this communication is effective to me because we have pretty much the same rules and standards to go by in each class. Having this structure makes each student understand how to become a successful student in their current class. In my example of church I feel like there is always ways to be more effective. The church could send out bulletins before each Sunday. This would help update the congregation on what the next message will be about. In my example of work to have better communication in the future, my old supervisor could have done this by having monthly meetings. Having monthly meetings addresses questions and concerns that other employees have for the office manager. This way she can better the organization. In conclusion I can see how important communication theories are to my personal and professional life. Now knowing these theories I will be more aware of how much these are a part of my daily life. References West, R. , & Turner, L. H. (2010). Introducing Communication Theory: Analysis and Application (4th ed. ) Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill Retrieved from https://ecampus. phoenix. edu/content/eBookLibrary2/content/eReader. aspx? assetMetaId=299dcc53-f1c8-4924-a9b0-b8ff6d645a5f&assetDataId=0cdf2509-a90a-4f76-a84b-7cb7098cc897&assetpdfdataid=076561d1-57c7-472c-9712-6f5644b9ebd7

Bullying and Violence in the Workplace

The problem, the results, and possible prevention strategies ill be presented based on an invited paper by Bowen, Private, and Bowie (201 1), â€Å"Reducing workplace violence by creating healthy workplace environments) and a peer-reviewed Journal article, â€Å"Effectiveness of Bullying and Violence Prevention Programs† (Stag, S. , Sheridan, D. , 2010). Bullying and workplace violence can be controlled if management takes appropriate steps toward early recognition, education, and preventive practices.Identifying the potential for violent behavior often concentrates on plotting the â€Å"bad apple†, the employee constantly contradicting authority, complaining, verbally busing others, gossiping. Or alienating staff. According to Bowen (2006) It may be a reaction to bad or unhealthy environment referred to as the â€Å"bad barrel†. The policies, procedures, and practices of an organization have recently come under scrutiny as a possible cause of workplace violence . If the atmosphere for nurses, other staff members, and even patients is oppressed, violent, or unsafe, then those affected may resort to violent behavior as a response mechanism.Management must be wiling to look at the tone and practices of the organization and evaluate staff perceptions. If the staff sees the organization in a negative light immediate steps must be taken to correct course and alter perception. Employee productivity and retention are tied closely to the staffs feelings toward the values and practices of the institute. Pride, esteem, excellence In service, caring, open-mindedness, team-spoilt, recognition of accomplishments, fairness In decisions, and constant development and improvements all solidify an employee's loyalty and desire to produce excellence in all workplace activities.Bullying and potential violence can come in many forms both covert and overt. Some red flags would include an employee who has a noticeable change in behavior, verbalized threats, intim idation, harassment, and repeated confrontational behaviors. These individuals must be counseled since these changes may be signs of personal or social turmoil in the individual's private life that is affecting workplace attitudes. If counseling, warnings, diffusing violence / anger management classes are not effective, the individual may face termination for the health and safety of him or herself as well as others (Libber, 2011).Many classifications of types of bullying have been used over the last 10 or more ears, One example Is the taxonomy developed by Earner and Hole (1997) which covers most of the commonly listed categories: I) threat to professional status, ii) (Discover, Mac Carjack, & Kashmir, 2005, p 441). Lynn Libber in the Winter 2011 issue of Employment Relations Today offers four simple but concrete guidelines to address and curtail workplace bullying and violence that can be readily implemented by management.The list includes thorough background checks for all perspe ctive employees watching for signs of previous violent behavior and discipline problems. Create a workplace â€Å"Violence Protection† logic. Communicate the policy to all employees and be sure to explain the forms of bullying and harassment (including internet / cyber bullying), the consequences of unacceptable behavior, and disciplinary steps leading to possible termination for repeat offenders.Train all new hires immediately during orientation and all other employees annually about ways to prevent (primary prevention), De-escalate (secondary prevention), and personally respond (tertiary prevention) to workplace violence and bullying (Bowen, Private, & Bowie, 2011, p. 188). This would include arioso positive and negative reactions to bullying such as confronting the attacker or reporting to superior versus avoidance or quitting Job (Discover, Mac Carjack, & castrate, 2005, p. 451).Once the implications and functions of violence in the workplace are fully understood by organ izational managers, then an effective policy ad methodology can be created which will effectively address this spiraling problem, provide a safe environment for all, and raise the level of care within the institute. An introspective analysis of the current work climate ad changes that can be implemented to improve am spirit and loyalty will pave the way for better employee relationships, a stable, secure, and focused workforce.

Consider this statement in relation to the Buddha of Suburbia Essays

Consider this statement in relation to the Buddha of Suburbia Essays Consider this statement in relation to the Buddha of Suburbia Paper Consider this statement in relation to the Buddha of Suburbia Paper their ethnicity is a literal reminder of difference and that they will have to work unjustly hard to belong in their new city center surroundings . Kureishi depicts both father and sons feelings of alienation, longing to belong and feeling it not only would enhance but is essential for their identity in Britain. trying to be more of an Englishman (7), resulted in vein for Karim and his father until Haroon discovers that by playing up to his Indian origin, becoming a caricature of himself and stereotyping himself to English peoples preconceived ideas concerning his Indian identity becomes much more rapid route to success. Karim hopes the city centre will enable him to shape and improve on his identity, thus giving meaning to his life; moreover, the discovery of constant reminders of his hybridism and difference show that a pure English identity is not something he is at liberty to have, it is not who he is. Karims history depicts that he is neither purely Indian nor purely British and instead of trying to be one or the other he must embrace being hybrid and form his personal identity as an individual around that. they never let him forget they thought him a nigger, a slave, a lower being. And we pursued English roses as we pursued England; by possessing these prizes, this kindness and beauty, we stared defiantly into the eye of the Empire and all its self-regard [ ]. We became part of England and yet proudly stood outside it. (8) Like his father Karim can only become part of the centre by caricaturing himself, and promoting his indian-ness while he believes the success of Charlie is due to his selling Englishness . Whilst acting, he is requested to play ethnic roles, and put on a broad Indian accent, to be authentically Indian even if he has never been to India; Shadwell reminds him that he has been cast for authenticity and not for experience(9). It is roles such as these that aid Karim to embrace both parts of his cultures. As John Clement Ball states, Father and son both become faux-Indians, successfully marketing back to the English warmed-over versions of their own popular appropriations of Indian culture (10). Haroon and Karim are identified by a constant representation of their culture and conform to these pre conceived ideas in order to achieve success. Furthermore as the English had a pre conceived idea of Karim and his father, Haroon was surprised that English reality was not how he had envisioned it. His impression of the British national identity was much more glorified than its reality Hed never seen the English in poverty, as road sweepers, dustmen, shopkeepers and barmen. Hed never seen an Englishman stuffing bread into his mouth with his fingers, and no one has told him that the English didnt wash regularly because the water was cold if they had water at all. And when Dad tried to discuss Byron in local pubs no one warned him that no every Englishman could read (11) Much of Karims story is about identification, specifically being an Englishman born and bred, almost (12). Caught between belonging and not, between his Indian heritage and desire to assimilate into British society, Karim invariably negotiates his hybrid identity (13); but his character seems to posit that there is a space for both identities as did Jeanette in Wintersons Oranges. He accepts much of his Indianness but also appropriates the qualities of British teenagers, revelling in dominant London fashions. Like his ethnic identification, Karims sexual identity is also ambigious. Karim claims that he has no preference to gender and will sleep with anyone, male or female. His first really defining sexual experience is with Charlie. Karims fluid sexuality positions him in a luminal role namely because he does not claim a homosexual/heterosexual identity nor an Indian/British identity exclusively; thus, he is consistently forced to negotiate between such binaries. Karim becomes involved in an increasingly accelerating social circle, associating with the arts community and participating in theatre, he begins a sexual relationship with Eleanor, an actor whom Karim truly loves describing their relationship, saying, Id never had such a strong emotional and physical feeling before (14). For the first time, sex gains an emotional component, a marked difference from his prior sexual relationships. Success begins to appear on Karims horizon, treating his family to dinner and stating I began to enjoy my own generosity. . . I felt the pleasure of pleasing others (15). Although, this pleasure is fuelled by materialism and money, Karim begins his transmogrification from a totally self-involved space to a place of awareness and caring for others. Thus his former identity is shown evolving into yet another hybrid, the old and the new. Witerson and Kureishi present us with narratives of bildungsroman adolescents struggling to keep up with their renewing identity through interaction with one another and their surroundings. Both deal with the deviance of sexual identity and difference.Through both arise issues of religious conflict and struggle. References 1. Winterson, Jeanette, Oranges are not the only fruit, Pandora 1985 2. Winterson, Jeanette, Oranges are not the only fruit, Pandora 1985 pg 165 3. Winterson, Jeanette, Oranges are not the only fruit, Pandora 1985 4. As above 5. Woolf, Viginia, Mrs Dalloway, Wordsworth Editions Ltd; New Ed edition (Aug 1996) 6. Kureishi, Hanif, Buddah of suburbia, Penguin Books 1991, p3 7. Kureishi, Hanif, Buddah of suburbia, Penguin Books 1991,p21 8. As above p227 9. As Above p147. 10. Ball, John Clement, The semi-detached metropolis: Hanif Kureishis London, ariel 1996 p20 11. Kureishi, Hanif, Buddah of suburbia, Penguin Books 1991 p24-25 12 13 Kureishi, Hanif, Buddah of suburbia, Penguin Books 1991 p3 14. As above p187 15. As above p283. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. spiralnature. com/magick/chaos/chaoticidentity. html Ball, John Clement. The Semi-Detached Metropolis: Hanif Kureishis London. ARIEL: A Review of International English Literature. Vol 27, No 4 (October 1996): 7-27.

5 Top Tips on Travel Writing

5 Top Tips on Travel Writing 5 Top Tips on Travel Writing Travel writing is one of the most popular types of non-fiction. And if you’re someone with a love of both literature and globetrotting, travel writing offers a fantastic opportunity to combine the two! Here, then, are a few top tips for budding travel writers to help get you started. 1. Read Other Travel Writing The best starting point if you’re new to travel writing is to read other authors. There are many types and styles of travel writing out there. So we suggest reading a little bit of everything, from blog posts to book-length travelogues, to find inspiration if you’re not already sure what to write. 2. Picking a Subject To stand out from the crowd, your travel writing needs to offer something unique. Part of this will be your written voice, but what you are writing about is equally important, so you’ll want to pick a great destination to focus on. Finding somewhere interesting that nobody has written about before is the dream, so you might want to look beyond the famous beaten track for strange or unusual attractions. Alternatively, if you are writing about a familiar place, look for an angle that nobody has used before. It helps if you do more than just lie on the beach, too. 3. Paint a Picture Your writing should conjure an image of the places you describe, so use sensory language wherever possible. If you can communicate some of the views, sounds and smells you’ve experienced, your reader will feel more like they’ve been there. Rich, descriptive writing is therefore crucial. Of course, a literal picture can help as well, so don’t forget to pack a camera! 4. Tell a Story Travel writing is about more than just facts. It’s about your experience of a place or journey. As such, you need to take your reader on a journey, too! One tip in this respect is remembering that the best travel writing is more than just descriptive. It may also have: Characters (e.g., people you meet along the way or travel companions) Themes (e.g., issues or events that recur throughout your journey) A plot (e.g., your goal, such as visiting every museum in Cumbria) Make sure not to miss the Derwent Pencil Museum, especially if you like big pencils.(Photo: Stinglehammer/wikimedia) Keep in mind that travel writing is creative writing, even if it is non-fiction. You may even want to twist the facts to tell a better story. Or go full Hunter S. Thompson and blur the lines between fact and fiction entirely. We wouldnt suggest taking as many drugs as he did, though. 5. The Benefits of Fact Checking Assuming you’re not fictionalizing your journey too much, you may want to do some fact checking on things you’ve learned when you get home. For instance, before repeating what that odd man in the plaza told you about Piacenza being founded by a champion chicken farmer as a luxury resort for poultry, get online and do some reading. You can still include the anecdote if it turns out to be untrue. You just don’t have to present it as a fact. And if you handle the fact checking, we’ll be happy to help with the proofreading once you have a first draft ready!

Global studies-The thought about Malala Yousafzai Essay

Global studies-The thought about Malala Yousafzai - Essay Example Thus, she definitely has a right to call for peace. At the same time, she is a woman who’s getting an education and thus, has a right to speak on behalf of her sisters on women rights on education. That’s why when Malala makes a connection between education (including education for women) and peacemaking, it seems most reasonable. Malala herself is a bright example of how educated woman could argue for peace. Then, it’s not a radical feministic claim to argue for a greater number of educated persons in the world. It’s reasonable, because women are less likely to fight in the battlefields, but more likely to become doctors, nurses and educators. Malala also fairly points that war and terrorism bring poverty, ruin schools and therefore, more young talented children, including girls, are deprived of a better life (â€Å"Malala Yousafzai Nobel Peace Prize Speech†). In this way, Malala makes it a vicious circle: more wars and terrorism with fewer rights for women bring less education. And vice versa: with more education and wider rights for women, including right on education, there will be less wars and less terror in the

Mohammed Ali Pasha three campaigns on Arabia, Greece and Syria to Essay

Mohammed Ali Pasha three campaigns on Arabia, Greece and Syria to Anatolia and how it affects him in the International Arena - Essay Example Many of the policies enacted were of benefit to the common person, while others were not. This paper will take a broad look at Egypt, before and after Mohammed Ali Pasha, and attempt to draw conclusions about the effectiveness of his reign throughout the region. Egypt before Muhammad Ali Egypt is rich with over 5,000 years of history. In retrospect, the reign of Muhammad Ali Pasha is a small blip in time, as Egypt has seen many rulers come and go through the years. Beginning in the 1500’s, the Ottoman Empire stretched into Egypt. Prior to this, Cairo was the center of Egyptian civilization and the country was quite a powerful independent state. It yielded a great deal of influence in the region. This all changed, however, with the conquering of the city by the Ottoman army (Moshe 337). Prior to Muhammad Ali Pasha, Istanbul was, in essence, calling all of the shots for Egypt. Because of this, Arabic was not even the dominant language of the era. While the Ottoman Empire allowed Egypt to function as a sort of autonomous state with the Empire, the reality was that Egypt was not in firm control of its own destiny. This reality continued, largely unchecked, until the arrival of Ali Pasha in the early 19th century. It was during that time that Muhammad Ali Pasha immediately began to turn the army into a force that could keep the Ottoman Empire from dictating Egyptian affairs, while reinstituting many parts of Egyptian culture that had been lost. He actually became fixated on attempting to take over the entire Ottoman Empire himself. At this time, Ali Pasha began to shift the language back to Arabic from Turkish, and he began to institute a number of military and administrative reforms designed to create a technological Egypt moving forward (Colvin 258). Muhammad Ali as Ruler of Egypt As described, Egypt has a fascinating history. Perhaps, however, modern day Egypt can be said to have started with the rule of Mohammed Ali Pasha. Even though he was of Albanian d escent, he came to rule Egypt from 1805-1848. In fact, even after his reign, the family maintained a tight grip on the country until the Egyptian Revolution in 1952. This period of time in Egypt’s history was quite groundbreaking. Thanks to Ali Pasha, there were a great many reforms made to the military and economic structure of Egypt. In addition, his control over the country saw many cultural advances to take place as Egypt began to become a major player throughout the region, and, indeed, the world (Moshe 338). Prior to becoming the ruler of Egypt, Muhammad Ali Pasha was a soldier. Apparently, however, he was not just an average soldier, but was so good that he got noticed throughout Turkey and began to rise through the ranks. Upon settling in Egypt, he increased the technology used by the army in the country, and used that labor to also create new schools and to improve the infrastructure throughout the country. His most notable contribution in this area was to implement a network of irrigation projects that had previously been neglected (Moshe 339). He did all of this with minimal interference from the current Sultan. In fact, he rarely even consulted with the Sultan; rather he was so respected among the people that he set out on his own to accomplish these great feats. Upon reflection, it can be said that Muhammad Ali